第一章 单元测试
1、判断题：Language can be used to construct objects, people, and events. In other words, linguistic resources, such as terms, tropes, metaphors, and so on, can be used to manufacture particular accounts of objects, people, and events. ( )
A:对
B:错
正确答案:【对】
2、判断题：Horace Miner’s 1956 article “Body Ritual among the Nacirema” supposedly describes a North American tribe whose daily lives are based on body rituals. ( )
A:错
B:对
正确答案:【对】
3、判断题：As a parody of an anthropological report, Horace Miner’s “Body Ritual among the Nacirema” actually concerns the daily life of the American people in the 1950s. ( )
A:对
B:错
正确答案:【对】
4、多选题：The Nacirema example shows that ( ).
A:Description is tied to evaluation.
B:The Nacirema are overly obsessed with rituals.
C:Surrounding any one object, event, person, etc., there may be a variety of different ways of representing it to the world.
D:The American are primitive and superstitious.
正确答案:【Description is tied to evaluation.;
Surrounding any one object, event, person, etc., there may be a variety of different ways of representing it to the world.】
5、判断题：Language can construct particular versions of reality and affect the way we think about it. ( )
A:对
B:错
正确答案:【对】
第二章 单元测试
1、判断题：Social constructionism would agree that the world exists as an object out there for us to observe and understand. ( )
A:错
B:对
正确答案:【错】
2、判断题：The social constructionist idea that everything we consider real is socially constructed means that nothing is real or there is no reality. ( )
A:错
B:对
正确答案:【错】
3、多选题：The social constructionist tenets outlined in Burr (1995) include ( ).
A:We should take a critical stance towards taken-for-granted knowledge.
B:Knowledge is historically and culturally specific.
C:Knowledge is sustained by social processes.
D:Knowledge and social action go together.
正确答案:【We should take a critical stance towards taken-for-granted knowledge.;
Knowledge is historically and culturally specific.;
Knowledge is sustained by social processes. ;
Knowledge and social action go together.】
4、单选题：Which of the following is NOT included as central assumptions of social constructionism in Gergen (2008)? ( )
A:The way in which we understand the world is not required by “what there is”.
B:Constructions gain their significance from their social utility.
C:Our knowledge is a direct perception of reality.
D:The ways in which we describe and explain the world are the outcomes of relationship.
正确答案:【Our knowledge is a direct perception of reality.】
5、多选题：In light of social constructionism, which of the following can be said about news reports? ( )
A:Descriptions of an event or a person in a news report will have an impact not only on how we think of them but also on how we feel about and deal with them.
B:News reports gain their significance from their social utility instead of their “objectivity”.
C:News reports should accurately or truly depict the world.
D:As constructions of the world, no news report can be judged to be any nearer the truth than other reports.
正确答案:【Descriptions of an event or a person in a news report will have an impact not only on how we think of them but also on how we feel about and deal with them.;
News reports gain their significance from their social utility instead of their “objectivity”. ;
As constructions of the world, no news report can be judged to be any nearer the truth than other reports.】
第三章 单元测试
1、单选题：Postmodernism rejects the following ideas EXCEPT ( ).
A:There can be an ultimate truth.
B:The world as we see it is the result of hidden structures.
C:The world can be understood in terms of grand theories or metanarratives.
D:There could be no “对” reading of a poem or novel.
正确答案:【There could be no “对” reading of a poem or novel.】
2、判断题：All authoritative accounts of the world contain implicit values and are subject to ideological critique. ( )
A:对
B:错
正确答案:【对】
3、多选题：From a deconstructionist perspective, which of the following statements about rationality are 对? ( )
A:Rationality contributes most importantly to the capacities for human survival.
B:The power to reason sets humans above the remainder of the animal kingdom.
C:When rational arguments are placed under close scrutiny, reason gives way to chaos and lies empty.
D:Rational arguments bring about a massive suppression of meaning.
正确答案:【When rational arguments are placed under close scrutiny, reason gives way to chaos and lies empty.;
Rational arguments bring about a massive suppression of meaning.】
4、多选题：Which of the following publications are known to contribute significantly to the evolution of our understanding of science as social construction? ( )
A:Karl Mannheim’s
B:Peter Berger and Thomas Luckmann’s
C:Peter Winch’s
D:Ludwig Fleck’s
正确答案:【Karl Mannheim’s ;
Peter Berger and Thomas Luckmann’s ;
Peter Winch’s ;
Ludwig Fleck’s】
5、单选题：Thomas Kuhn proposed in his that our propositions about the world are embedded within ( ), roughly a network of interrelated commitments to a particular theory, conception of a subject matter, and methodological practices.
A:systems
B:practices
C:structures
D:paradigms
正确答案:【paradigms】
第四章 单元测试
1、判断题：The social constructionist view of language holds that personality or experience cannot pre-date language and that the person is constructed through language. ( )
A:错
B:对
正确答案:【对】
2、单选题：In Saussurean linguistics, signs have two parts to them: ( ). The former is a word, a spoken sound, used to refer to a thing, and the latter is the thing referred to.
A:power and resistance
B:knowledge and power
C:the signifier and the signified
D:discourse and power
正确答案:【the signifier and the signified】
3、多选题：Saussure made some important points about signs, including ( ).
A:Signs are the things that populate our mental life, things we may refer to, talk to others about, muse upon, try to describe and so on.
B:The meaning of a sign resides not intrinsically in that sign itself, but in its relationship to other signs.
C:Once a signifier becomes attached to a signified, this relationship becomes fixed.
D:The link between the signifier and the signified is arbitrary.
正确答案:【The meaning of a sign resides not intrinsically in that sign itself, but in its relationship to other signs.;
Once a signifier becomes attached to a signified, this relationship becomes fixed.;
The link between the signifier and the signified is arbitrary.】
4、判断题：The fundamental argument of poststructuralism is that the meanings carried by language are never fixed, always open to question, always contestible, and always temporary. ( )
A:错
B:对
正确答案:【对】
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