2024知到网课 全球健康智慧树答案

第一章 单元测试

1、多选题：Which of the following are true of Disability Adjusted Life Years or DALYs? ( )
A:DALYs help policy-makers to compare diseases and decide priorities.
B:DALYs enable us to compare the disease burden between, for example, depression and breast cancer.
C:A country with a lot of DALYs has lower levels of disease and early mortality.
D:A DALY combines years of life lost because of early death and years of life lived with disability or illness.
正确答案:【DALYs help policy-makers to compare diseases and decide priorities. ;
DALYs enable us to compare the disease burden between, for example, depression and breast cancer.;
A DALY combines years of life lost because of early death and years of life lived with disability or illness.】

2、多选题：Which of the following are true? ( )
A:The earliest Global Burden of Disease Study data was for the year 2000.
B:The countries with the highest burden of disease are mostly located in Sub-Saharan Africa
C:The methods for the GBD used are very robust and not controversial at all.
D:The GBD studies have provided trends about mortality and morbidity by cause and risk factor over time.
正确答案:【The countries with the highest burden of disease are mostly located in Sub-Saharan Africa;
The GBD studies have provided trends about mortality and morbidity by cause and risk factor over time.】

3、多选题：Regarding SDGs, which are true? （）
A:There are 17 SDGs and 169 separate targets.
B:Covid-19 will slow progress towards the SDGs in many countries.
C:The SDGs will be easy to achieve in most countries.
D:Eradication of extreme poverty is one of the SDGs.
正确答案:【There are 17 SDGs and 169 separate targets.;
Covid-19 will slow progress towards the SDGs in many countries.;
Eradication of extreme poverty is one of the SDGs.】

4、多选题：Which of the following are health targets of the SDGs, (SDG 3) but not included of the MDGs? （）
A:Reduce mortality from NCDs.
B:Reduce Maternal Mortality Ratio.
C:Reduce mortality in Children under the age of 5.
D:Achieve Universal Health Coverage.
正确答案:【Reduce mortality from NCDs. ;
Achieve Universal Health Coverage.】

5、多选题：Which statements are true about the social determinants of health? ( )
A:Loneliness is strongly associated with physical and mental health
B:Access to quality healthcare is fundamental to health equity.
C:Well-educated mothers have healthier children
D:High risk behaviors, such as smoking, are more common in individuals with good education
正确答案:【Loneliness is strongly associated with physical and mental health ;
Access to quality healthcare is fundamental to health equity. ;
Well-educated mothers have healthier children】

第二章 单元测试

1、单选题：What type of healthcare financing is regarded as most efficient, (best value for money)? ( )
A:Private Health Insurance
B:Social Health Insurance
C:Taxation
D:Out-of-pocket payments
正确答案:【Taxation】

2、多选题：Which of these countries have among the lowest out-of-pocket expenditure on health? （）
A:Japan
B:Mali
C:South Africa
D:Afghanistan
正确答案:【Japan ;
South Africa】

3、单选题：Which are true? （）
A:Progress towards UHC has been very fast in Sub-Saharan Africa
B:Most African countries have included a goal of UHC in their national health strategies
C:Countries with no Universal Health Coverage are mostly in South Asia
D:The richer the country you live in, the more you pay out-of-pocket for healthcare
正确答案:【Most African countries have included a goal of UHC in their national health strategies】

4、多选题：Which of these will help countries to progress towards UHC? ( )
A:Reduce out-of-pocket spending through free or affordable healthcare at the point of delivery especially for the poorest groups
B:Reducing corruption
C:Maximise use of tertiary care
D:Reduce unnecessary drugs and tests
正确答案:【Reducing corruption ;
Maximise use of tertiary care】

5、多选题：Which of the following statements are right? （）
A:Cost is the major barrier to the delivery of quality healthcare
B:WHO defines health systems as all organisations, institutions and resources which work to improve health through treatment and prevention
C:Healthcare is much more expensive than it was mainly because of an ageing population with chronic disease and multimorbidites
D:People over the age of 80 spend 10 times more on healthcare than people under the age of 60
正确答案:【Cost is the major barrier to the delivery of quality healthcare;
WHO defines health systems as all organisations, institutions and resources which work to improve health through treatment and prevention;
Healthcare is much more expensive than it was mainly because of an ageing population with chronic disease and multimorbidites】

第三章 单元测试

1、多选题：What are factors contributing to the growth of drug resistance? （）
A:Counterfeiting of drugs
B:inappropriate use of antibiotics in animals
C:Inappropriate prescribing practices
D:failure by patients to take all their medicines
正确答案:【Counterfeiting of drugs;
inappropriate use of antibiotics in animals;
Inappropriate prescribing practices;
failure by patients to take all their medicines】

2、多选题：What are key measures to reduce the development of infectious diseases? ( )
A:Share information on such diseases across countries
B:improve public education about these diseases
C:Improve land use planning
D:strengthen implementation of the International Health Regulations
正确答案:【Share information on such diseases across countries ;
improve public education about these diseases;
Improve land use planning;
strengthen implementation of the International Health Regulations】

3、单选题：Which of the following best represents the new global goals for treatment of HIV announced by UN in 2014: （）
A:95/95/95 by 2030 – 95% of the population will know their HIV status, 95% will receive anti-retroviral therapy, and 95% will have a suppressed viral load
B:50/50/50 by 2025 – 50% of the population will know their HIV status, 50% will receive anti-retroviral therapy, and 50% will have a suppressed viral load
C:20/20/20 by 2025 – 20% of the population will know their HIV status, 20% will receive anti-retroviral therapy, and 20% will have a suppressed viral load
D:90/90/90 by 2020 – 90% of the population will know their HIV status, 90% will receive anti-retroviral therapy, and 90% will have a suppressed viral load
正确答案:【95/95/95 by 2030 – 95% of the population will know their HIV status, 95% will receive anti-retroviral therapy, and 95% will have a suppressed viral load】

4、多选题：The socio-economic consequences of Covid-19 in most countries include: ( )
A:Economic gains in the tourism and the hospitality sectors
B:Increased debt
C:Loss of education for the majority of the world’s children
D:Increased inequalities
正确答案:【Increased debt ;
Loss of education for the majority of the world’s children ;
Increased inequalities】

5、多选题：Regarding the situation in Africa, which are true? ( )
A:Numbers of cases are higher than expected
B:There has been a reversal of progress towards poverty reduction goals
C:The WHO COVAX programme has been very successful in delivering vaccines in sub-Saharan Africa.
D:Economic effects have been greater in countries which rely on tourism
正确答案:【There has been a reversal of progress towards poverty reduction goals ;
Economic effects have been greater in countries which rely on tourism】

第四章 单元测试

1、单选题：How many people die every year from noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), including cancer, heart diseases and stroke, diabetes, and chronic respiratory diseases? （）
A:40 million people
B:10 million people
C:25 million people
D:50 million people
正确答案:【40 million people】

2、单选题：Of the following, which disease causes most death worldwide? （）
A:Tuberculosis
B:Malaria
C:Cardiovascular disease
D:HIV/AIDS
正确答案:【Cardiovascular disease】

3、单选题：Women around the world are most likely to die from: （）
A:Heart disease
B:Road traffic crashes
C:HIV/AIDS
D:Breast cancer
正确答案:【Heart disease】

4、单选题：What proportion of cancers can be prevented? （）
A:20%-30%
B:50%-70%
C:30%-50%
D:10%-20%
正确答案:【30%-50%】

5、判断题：Governments have agreed to reduce premature NCD deaths by the year 2030. （）
A:错
B:对
正确答案:【对】