2024知到网课 英语语言学智慧树答案

第一章 单元测试

1、多选题：To put it in a simple way, linguistics studies ________, meaning of linguistic units, and the use and interpretation of a sentence in different contexts.
A:properties of speech sounds
B:combination of speech sounds into a meaningful unit
C:word formation
D:sentence structure
正确答案:【properties of speech sounds;
combination of speech sounds into a meaningful unit;
word formation;
sentence structure】

2、单选题：To have a scientific language study, we must pursue brevity in analyzing the data and in stating our findings, which can be summarized as the standard of ________.
A:exhaustiveness
B:consistency
C:economy
D:objectivity
正确答案:【economy】

3、判断题：Parole refers to the abstract linguistic system shared by all the members of a speech community.
A:对
B:错
正确答案:【错】

4、判断题：The reason for Frenchmen to use cheval and for English to use horse to refer to the same animal is inexplicable.
A:对
B:错
正确答案:【对】

5、判断题：Of speech and writing, modern linguistics regards writing as the primary medium of communication.
A:对
B:错
正确答案:【错】

6、判断题：According to Chomsky, competence is the actual realization of the performance in linguistic communication.
A:对
B:错
正确答案:【错】

7、多选题：Which of the following disciplines are related to applied linguistics?
A:education
B:psycholinguistics
C:physics
D:geology
正确答案:【education;
psycholinguistics】

8、单选题：Unlike animal communication systems, human language is ________.
A:stimulus free
B:stimulus bound
C:under immediate stimulus control
D:stimulated by some occurrence of communal interest
正确答案:【stimulus free】

9、单选题：________ has been widely accepted as the forefather of modern linguistics.
A:Chomsky
B:de Saussure
C:Bloomfield
D:John Lyons
正确答案:【de Saussure】

10、单选题：By saying language is arbitrary, we mean that there is no logical connection between meaning and ________.

A:word
B:morpheme
C:sound
D:phoneme
正确答案:【sound 】

第二章 单元测试

1、多选题：What kind of sounds can we make, when the vocal cords are vibrating?
A:Voiceless consonants
B:Voiced consonants
C:Glottal stop
D:Vowels
正确答案:【Voiced consonants;
Vowels】

2、单选题：Which one is different from the others according to manners of articulation?
A:[f]
B:[v]
C:[z]
D:[w]
正确答案:【[w]】

3、单选题：Which of the following CANNOT be considered as a minimal pair?
A:but-bus
B:but-bat
C:but-put
D:but-cut
正确答案:【but-put 】

4、单选题：The sound /z/ can be described with “voiced, ________, alveolar”.
A:affricate
B:fricative
C:labiodental
D:palatal
正确答案:【fricative 】

5、多选题：In English, if three consonants cluster together at the beginning of a word, the combination could be the following EXCEPT ________.
A:[spr]
B:[stj]
C:[skw]
D:[spl]
E:[sks]
正确答案:【[stj] ;
[sks]】

6、判断题：A phoneme in one language or one dialect may be an allophone in another language or dialect.
A:对
B:错
正确答案:【对】

7、判断题：The speech sounds which are in complementary distribution are definitely allophones of the same phoneme.
A:对
B:错
正确答案:【错】

8、判断题：Broad Transcription is intended to symbolize all the possible speech sounds, including the minute shades.
A:对
B:错
正确答案:【错】

9、判断题：The initial sound of “peak” is aspirated while the second sound of “speak” is unaspirated. They are allophones.
A:对
B:错
正确答案:【对】

10、判断题：Phonetic similarity means that the allophones of a phoneme must bear some morphological resemblance.
A:对
B:错
正确答案:【错】

第三章 单元测试

1、单选题：The italicized word in the sentence “They are better fed, better housed, and better clothed than ever before” is a good example of ________.
A:compounding
B:blending
C:conversion
D:derivation
正确答案:【conversion 】

2、多选题：We can classify morphemes into ________.
A:bound morphemes and free morphemes
B:lexical morphemes and grammatical morphemes
C:derivational morphemes and inflectional morphemes
D:adjective morphemes and numeral morphemes
正确答案:【bound morphemes and free morphemes;
lexical morphemes and grammatical morphemes;
derivational morphemes and inflectional morphemes】

3、多选题：________ of the four words are good examples of compounding.
A: hotdog
B:blueprint
C:blackboard
D:mouthful
正确答案:【 hotdog ;
blueprint ;
blackboard 】

4、单选题：A(n) ________ is the smallest meaningful linguistic unit of language, not divisible or analyzable into smaller forms.
A:morpheme
B:allomorph
C:word
D:lexeme
正确答案:【morpheme 】

5、单选题：The word children contains _________ morphemes
A: 1
B: 2
C: 3
D: 4
正确答案:【 2】

6、单选题：The italicized word in sentence ________, the italicized part DOESN’T involve conversion.
A:His smile could not very well mask his anger.
B:He walked carefully so as not to wet his shoes.
C:The teacher told the students to be quiet.
D: The book yellowed with age.
正确答案:【The teacher told the students to be quiet. 】

7、判断题：Most prefixes can occur as independent words.
A:对
B:错
正确答案:【错】

8、判断题：Such compounds as quick-frozen, far-fetched, fresh-baked, and long-awaited are  created by “a./ad. + v.-ed”.
A:对
B:错
正确答案:【对】

9、判断题：In American English, compounds are NOT usually written solid as soon as they have gained some permanent status.
A:对
B:错
正确答案:【错】

10、判断题：A compound can be formed by placing any lexical item in front of another.
A:对
B:错
正确答案:【错】

第四章 单元测试

1、判断题：Syntax is the study of how words and phrases are properly formed out of elements of a language.
A:对
B:错
正确答案:【错】

2、判断题：Many syntactic theories have developed in response to generative syntax.
A:对
B:错
正确答案:【对】

3、判断题：In the course of its development, generative grammar gradually shifted its focus from language itself to the native speaker’s knowledge of language.
A:对
B:错
正确答案:【对】

4、判断题：In the generative tradition, language is usually understood to refer to the all the language structures that native speakers can generate.
A:对
B:错
正确答案:【错】

5、判断题：According to Chomsky, I-language refers to a set of sentences a native speaker can use.
A:对
B:错
正确答案:【错】

6、单选题：The sub-component which includes the rules governing word formation is called ________.
A:morphology
B:phonology
C:semantics
D:pragmatics
正确答案:【morphology】

7、单选题：________ is to syntax what phoneme to phonology and morpheme to morphology.
A:Syntactic category
B:Sentence
C:Utterance
D:Meaning
正确答案:【Syntactic category 】

8、多选题：Among the following categories, ________ are word categories.
A:VP
B:NP
C:P
D:Adj.
正确答案:【P;
Adj.】

9、单选题：In the category of CP, letter C stands for ____________.
A:capital
B:complement
C:curriculum
D:complementizer
正确答案:【complementizer】

10、多选题：Adverbs in English can be divided into ________.
A:manner adverbs
B:small adverbs
C:big adverbs
D:sentence-adverbs
正确答案:【manner adverbs;
sentence-adverbs】

第五章 单元测试

1、单选题：The approach to semantic study that is more concerned with the relationship between linguistic expressions and the phenomena in the world to which they refer may be called ________.
A:Logical Semantics
B:Linguistic Semantics
C:Formal Semantics
D:Cognitive Semantics
正确答案:【Logical Semantics 】

2、判断题：The Contextualist View of meaning is based on the presumption that one can derive meaning from observable contexts.
A:对
B:错
正确答案:【对】

3、多选题：Meaning can be studied as ________.
A:naming
B:concepts
C:contexts
D:behavior
正确答案:【naming ;
concepts ;
contexts  ;
behavior】

4、多选题：Predication analysis is to break down predications into their constituents: ________ and ________.
A:head
B:argument
C:predicate
D:complement
正确答案:【argument ;
predicate 】

5、单选题：The predication of the sentence “Jack is happy” is said to consist of Jack, the _________, and happy, the predicate.
A:argument
B:predicate
C:predication
D:subject
正确答案:【argument 】

6、判断题：The sense relations between words can be analyzed in terms of truth conditions.
A:对
B:错
正确答案:【错】

7、判断题：As for gradable antonyms, the denial of one is the assertion of the other.
A:对
B:错
正确答案:【错】

8、判断题：A pair of complementary antonyms is characterized by the feature that the denial of one member implies the assertion of the other.
A:对
B:错
正确答案:【对】

9、判断题：The concept of REFERENCE can be regarded as a connection between the linguistic element and the non-linguistic world of experience.
A:对
B:错
正确答案:【对】

10、判断题：According to the classic semantic triangle suggested by Ogden and Richards, the meaning of a word is the concept connecting the word with the real thing in the world. This concept is called Reference or Thought.
A:对
B:错
正确答案:【对】

第六章 单元测试

1、判断题：All the acts that belong to the same category act share the same purpose or the same illocutionary act, and they are the same in their strength or force.
A:对
B:错
正确答案:【错】

2、判断题：Conversation participants almost always observe the CP and the maxims of the CP.
A:对
B:错
正确答案:【错】

3、判断题：A sentence is grammatical concept, and the meaning of a sentence is often studied as the abstract intrinsic property of the sentence itself in terms of a predication
A:对
B:错
正确答案:【对】

4、判断题：Utterance is based on sentence meaning; it is the realization of the abstract meaning of a sentence in a real situation of communication or simply in a context.
A:对
B:错
正确答案:【对】

5、单选题：All the utterance that can be made to serve the same purpose may vary in their ________ form.
A:syntactic
B:semantic
C:grammatical
D:pragmatic
正确答案:【syntactic  】

6、单选题：The Cooperative Principle is proposed by ________.
A:John Searle
B:John Austin
C:Paul Grice
D:John Lyons
正确答案:【Paul Grice 】

7、多选题：The maxim of quantity requires: ________.
A:Make your contribution as informative as required.
B:Do not make contribution more informative than is required.
C:Do not say that for which you lack adequate evidence.
D:Do not say something that is not relevant.
正确答案:【Make your contribution as informative as required.;
Do not make contribution more informative than is required.】

8、单选题：Most of the violations of the maxims of the CP give rise to ________.
A:utterance meaning
B:speech act theory
C:conversational implicatures
D:

all of the options

正确答案:【conversational implicatures】

9、单选题：The significance of Grice’s CP lies in that it explains how it is possible for the speaker to convey ________ is literally said.
A:more than
B:less than
C:the same as
D:none of the  options
正确答案:【more than  】

第七章 单元测试

1、单选题：The following is the clipped words EXCEPT ________.
A:butch
B:cam
C:fridge
D:info
正确答案:【butch 】

2、单选题：As a result of the Norman Conquest of 1066, vast quantities of ________ words were added to the English vocabulary.
A:Roman
B:Latin
C:German
D:French
正确答案:【French】

3、单选题：Morphological and syntactic changes in English language including the following EXCEPT ________.
A:change in agreement rule
B:analogic change
C:process of simplification
D:loss of inflections
正确答案:【analogic change 】

4、单选题：The following are the methods for the addition of new words EXCEPT ________.
A:blending
B:clipping
C:back-formation
D:meaning shift
正确答案:【meaning shift】

5、单选题：The meaning of word accident has undergone the process of ________.
A:widening of meaning
B:narrowing of meaning
C:meaning elevation
D:meaning degradation
正确答案:【narrowing of meaning 】